Describe latitudinal gradients in patterns of | vedclass

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(B) The diversity of plants and animals is not uniform throughout the world but shows a rather uneven distribution. One of the most well-recognized pa

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Biodiversity is higher at the equator.

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(B) The diversity of plants and animals is not uniform throughout the world but shows a rather uneven distribution. One of the most well-recognized patterns is the latitudinal gradient in diversity. In general,species diversity decreases as we move away from the equator towards the poles. With very few exceptions,the tropics (latitudinal range of $23.5^{\circ}N$ to $23.5^{\circ}S$) harbor more species than temperate or polar areas. For example,Colombia located near the equator has nearly $1,400$ species of birds,while New York at $41^{\circ}N$ has $105$ species and Greenland at $71^{\circ}N$ has only $56$ species. This gradient exists because tropical environments are less seasonal,relatively more constant,and predictable,which promotes niche specialization and leads to greater species diversity.

Describe latitudinal gradients in patterns of biodiversity.

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